Carbureter.



I A. COSTA.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILEDDEC. 24| 191.4.

Patented Apr. 18,1916;

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CARBURETER,

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 214. I9I4.

ZA/VEN 701C 426;

a'e/vcyes- I CARBURETER. l y V 10 all 'whom it may conce/m Be it known lthat l, ANTHONY Cos'rA, a eitizen'of the United' States, and a resident of'Oleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and vState .of Ohio, havey invented a new and useful Improvement in Carbureters, of which' the Yfollowing is asp/eciication, the principle of the invention. being herein explained vand the best mode in which I have `conternplated applying thatfprinciple, so as to distinguish itffrom other inventions.

The .subject of the .present invention 1s a carbureter or apparatus for -vaporizmg hydrocarbon fuels and in particular'for vaporizing gasoleneandeven heavienoils, the present device constituting an improvement over that'described and claimed in myV cospraying the same from a nozzle in the pres-` ence of air and then causing the air to undergo al,f ,1fitation` or internal movementA which will complete the ihtermixture of the particles'of `fuel with the air.` s kThe present device secures a perfect in'- termixture of `the fuel with `the air as is proven by the-results obtained with the present device. Theseresults are secured by supplyingthev fuel'to a moving column of air froma plurality of very line nozzles inclinedv at an angle tothe path of movement of the air.

Other Afeatures which contribute to the results whichare secured will be 'described hereafter. e f p A To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, saidinvention, then, consists ofthe process land apparatus'hereinafter fully. described and particularly pointed out in the' claims.

'The'annexed drawings and the 'following description set forth inv detail certain means and. one mode `of carryingsout the invention, such disclosed means and inode illustrating, however,VV but one of various sra-rss TENT GFFIC# `Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 18, 1916; y ,n Appnauon aledneember 24,1914. serial No. 878,861. l'

a central, vertical section through a device fuels andthe present apparatus 1s illusable construction which has certain 'advansav moderate cost of manufacture.'-

,air opening 2. The casing` 1L isjattaehedfat ing therethrough forming". a chamberj 2 Jim l... I

ways Ain which theprincipleof the -inveil tion may be used. r i 1 y In said annexed drawingz-Figure I iis# illustrating a preferred forni of the appara` tus whiclrmay be used to carry out my'improved method oflvaporizationF-ig. 2 isf'4 a horizontal section'v on the line 2 2 in Fig. f 'A l; Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectiony on the line 3-3 Fig. l; Figli is a'bottom plan view` of the device, and-Fig. 5 is sec#4 tion similar to Fig. 3 .but'showing jonly a part of the mechanism.` Y llt will be understood that various"forms of apparatus may be employed to carry-put my improved method of vap'orizinggl'liquid trated for the purpose of showing onefsuittagessuch as convenience of adjustment and In l thereis shown the Ausual inizi! ing chamber consisting of a casing 'lfwh'iclrA is ypreferably a vertically'disposed chamberi and is' provided at its bottom with amaini its upperf end t0 the lowerA endFOfFaueIfj supplyr manifold 8 which Vwill be-s`uitablyl attached to .an internal combustionengine" g The upper portion of the mixing'chambervl is narrowed to forml `a conduit ton theisani cross 'section as the manifold andfjin thi narrow portion there is providedthe sa butterfly valve I 5 whichmay .be `operated#by any suitable means such.ffor example asjgl'l'e'r pivoted lever 6. K Adjoining the mixing 'chamber 1 isl lioat chamber 7 in` which therey isiprovided a. float 8:0f any desired construction con-f trolling, through a pivotedflever Sfandaf. j rod `10,'a valve 11 adapted to control "thej low'of fuel through thefintake openings121y in the chamber as is of course well` under-v stood in such constructions. lllithin"."Athe,l() f mixing chamber there is 'mountedia'` fuelsupply conduit 15 having laA central'iaper ture '16 therein which` is connected'lby metan ofA conduits '17 and 18Y with the float :cl/1a" berL-Upon thetop ofytheco'nduitllg is mrnted a disk lQhavingacentra bpen 'which connects with the passage 16,5'A Dis posed concentrically about'the center ofthe: vdislclQ are a plurality of vertically)extends'fl ing openings 21'which are tapered fat,theirl upper and lower-'ends and. which arecong `body of the device.

nected by means of upwardly and outwardlyl inclined radial slots 22 with the chamber 20 in the center of the disk. In this Way fuel is supplied to the openings 2l through which the main air supply is drawn since there is a collar 23 mounted upon an inwardly directed flange 24 in the mixing chamber, such collar being in close contact and in engagement with the outside of the disk 19 and. thus forcing the main air supply to pass upward through the holes 2l. The action of this column of air Which passes .upward through these holes is of course to draw out a spray of fuel from each of the several apertures 22 and it will be noted that these apertures or passages are inclined at an acute angle to the direction of movement of the upwardly moving column ol' air, which facilitates the vaporiza-v tion of the fuel. Auxiliary air is supplied to the mixing chamber around the collar 23 from an aux iliary air valve normally seated in an eX- tension 3l of the body of the device by means of a spring 32, such spring acting between an adjusting disk 33 and a cap 34.

vThis spring 32 is coiled about a sleeve 35 which is attached to the valve 30, the upper end of the sleeve being threaded to receive the cap 3lin variousv adjusted positions where it may be locked by means of a wing nut 36 adjustably mounted upon a rod 3i" which extends through an aperture in the sleeve passing down through the auxiliary valve 30 for another purpose which 'will be explained hereinafter. The adjusting disk may be moved upward or downward to increase or lessen the tension of the spring 32 by reasoin of its threaded engagement with the member 38, which is attached to the 141 pin 60 attached to the valve 30 and slidably received in a socket in the body 38 prevents rotary movement of the valve 30 during action or adjustment. A spring 7l contacts the serrated edge 72 of the disk 33 and maintains the same in anyv given position. The operation of the auxiliary air valve 30 will be readily understood and the reason for varying its resistance to opening is of course to cause it to open at various speeds as may be necessary from the action of the motor to which the carbureter is attached. is moved when valve 3() is opened or closed.

l have provided means which correlate thel action olf the auxiliary air valve with a valve which controls the supply of fuel to the spray openings 22. The advantage of such a provision that in starting, when no auxiliarv air is being drawn, it is thus possible to provide a certain amount of fuel at the spray nozzles and to`gre1tly increase the amount ot' fuel supply when the motor is operating at high speed and is drawing` a considerable amount ot' auxiliary air, thus It will bo seen that the rod 37v maintaining the proper ratio between the amounts of air and gas which are intermixed. For this purpose it is necessary to provide an additional 'alve in the fuel supn ply conduit and l preferably use a valve in the shape of a' tapered plug which is depressed to seat in a conical seat or depres sion at the bottom of the chamber 2() formed centrally within the disk 19. This plug is loosely connected to a sleeve lG by means .of the pin and slot illustrated' in an 'enlarged View in Fig. 5 from which it will be seen that the slot il? is tapered. from the center toward either end whereas the pin 48 is of uniform cross section, thus permitting a certain oscillation of the plug with respect to the sleeve and permittinel the plug to seat properly at all times. rl`he sleeve el@ is attached to a` short rod 49 which is in turn pivot-ally connected to a short rocker arm 50 which is attached at its other end to a rod 51. A. collar 52 extends upwardly from the disk i9 being threaded for engagement with a cap against which the upper end of a spring 54 operates thus tending to retain the valve plug in its lowcrmost position.

The valve plugsv'is provided -with a oentral aperture 55 (sec'lfig. 5) which connects with .tour lateral apertures 56 which in turn op; into the chamber 20 'formed in the disk 1Q .nd thus give connection between the opening 1G in the fuel conduit and the lateral spray nozzles 22. As the carbureter adjusts itself to various motor speeds, and particularly'when passing rapidly from a high speed to a low speed, or the reverse, the plug valve is operated very quickly and would operate as a pump to force too much liquid through the spray nozzles 22 il" some relief means were not provided. l provide lor such relief to prevent this pump action by allowing a certain amount oi play between the sleeves Ilf3 and that portion of the disk in which it slides and this eectually pre vents any pumping of the fuel through the lateral nozzles, that is, the sleeve .e6 is enough .smaller than the hole in the disk to leave a slight space between the same.

y The rod il passes down through the bot tom of the. mixing chamber where it is provided with a cap G0 upon which there is disposed a coiled spring (il` operating against a U-shaped bend 62 in a, pivoted lever (33, such lever 63 being in the path of movement of the rod 3T and being ope ated thereby. During ordinary operation at low speed there will he no auxiliary air drawn in, but upon increasing the speed the in-v creased suction opens the auxiliary air valve 30 depressing the rod 37 and with it the lever This lcveracts through the spring (il -to depressI the rod 5l which in turn ugh the rocker arm 50 raises the valve flo thus permitting a direct ,connection ween the fuel supply conduit l5 and the lateral spray nozizhles It .will 'be` noticed .l that av spring 64Cv operating against a' collar thus maintain the valve plug against its' 65 about the lower end of the rod 51 normally maintains the latter in a position to seat the plug valves-45. It will be noticed i that ythe'springs 52 and 64 tend to" take up.`

any lost motion inthe operating levers and seat. The spring 61 is however, made stronger than the combined springs just Bypmy, improved method of intermixing l liquid .fuel with air the fuel isransformed "the mixing chamber.

Aet() rom its ordinary state as anumber of very liquid globules into a perfect vapor is intimately intermixed with the air. me proportionate mixture of air and fuel is maintained` at all lspeeds since the mechanicalv correlation of the action of-the auxiliary air valve and the fuel supply valve permit the amount of fuel to be constantly `in the saii'ie ratio to the amount of air supply. z. p

it will be noticed that the diameter of the inside of the `collar 23, is the same as the inside diameter of theIupper portion' 4 of of mixed air and fuelwhichrises from the apertures 21, is thus permitted to pass upwardly through the mixing chamber Without at Aany point restrict-ing its cross-sec y tional area. In my apparatus the air and fuel are .so perfectly intermixed at the spray nozzle, that no further action'tending to this result is required.

A' Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of 1 the Yone explained, change being made as regardsthe means and the steps herein disclosed,lprovided those stated by any one ofv l ythe following claims or their equivalents be u n y n y dial openings connecting said central verff` employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my'invention:-

1. rIn a device of the classdescribedpthe combination of a vertically Ydisposed-nuxing chamber having 'a main air inlet opening in its bottom, and a vertical collar-projecting upward therefrom about such opening; a ,fuel supply conduit mounted centrally within said collar; a disk mounted upon the `upper end of said conduit and closing lthespace between said conduit and said column, said `disk being provided with a verticalv aperture therethrough connecting central vertical opening with such lastv with the opening in said fuel conduit and having alsoV a plurality of equally spaced vertically disposedv openings therethrough` vand being further provided with outwardly extending radial openings connecting said named openings,'and a valve `adapted to prevent direct connection between the open'- ing in said fuelk conduit and such radial vided with a centralopening connecting to;

i ingin its bottom, and a. vertical collarpro i upper end of'saidconduit'fandclosigythe posed openings therethrough andfbeing-fpur mixing chamber about-'said collarya- "valve:A

` to correlate operationifof said valve and vsaid The hollow column fuel supply conduit mounted centrally c space between said conduit and saidclumn, y

c opening in said fuel conduit and havingjalso that it is inside said collar," a fuel;V supply openings in said disk, said valvey beingy pro said radial openings.A j y 2. ina device ofl heclass described, vth combination of a vertically disposedjmix ing chamber having a main air `inlet"`2op`en jecting upward therefrom aboutsuchfopen ing; a fuel supply conduit mounted centrally i* within saidcollar; a disk mounted"ii'poii, the

space between said conduit and saidcolumn, said disk being provided with a; vetica"` aperture therethrough connecting wi'tl th opening in said fuel conduit and havingalsofy a. pluralitysofequally spaced vertically'dis? ther provided with. outwardly,{textendin radial openings connecting said centralver tical opening with suchlast named openings;

means4 for supplying'Lauxiliarybaifito'fsaid adapted t0 control the.r flow .of fuelfrcifiVV said supply conduit tosuch vertical'aper tures through said disk/gndmeans adapted s means supplying auxiliary air. j A c 3. In a device of the cla-ss des' ':ribe`c'l,"the` combination ofpa vertically disposed mixing chamber having a maing'air inlet opening? inn its bottoin,` and apici-tical collary projecting upward therefrom about such'openiiigj'a in said collar; a disk mountedupon the up?k per end of said conduit and :closing the said disk being providedrwitha y"Vertical aperture therethrough connecting, with a plurality of equallyspaced vertically dis;- posed openings therethrough and bein`g`fur`-`V ther provided with outwardlyextendingra tical opening withfsuch lastnamedopen ings; said mixing chamber havingan auxil-4 iary air opening connecting to the :space ji about said collar; a normally. closedgvalve. covering such auxiliary air opening and-,Opf erable by the suction insaid chamber; a" plug valve controlling the flow of fuel fand connections between said air valve and "said Aplug valve adapted-to 'cause the latter to" be opened upon opening of the former, A 4. In a device ofthe classdescribed, thecombination of a vertically disposed mixing A chamber having a main' air Ainlet opening'iiiv its bottom, and a vertical collar projecting upward therefrom about such opening, said chamber beingof the Vsame size;atits"top. i

conduit mountedL centrally Withinsaid collarl and adapted to supply fuel laterally tot'th insideV of said collar alonga plurality lradial lines ;4a plug valve adapted; toc'ontrl the flow cffuel through said "supply vconf` 'elle duit; an automatically operated valve adapt ed to permit the entrance of auxiliar f air 'to said mixing chamber externally of said collar; and means connecting said auxiliary valve and said plug valve and causing opening of the latter 'upon opening of the former.

In a device of the class described, the combination of a vertically disposed mixing chamber having a main air inlet opening in le its bottom, and a vertical collar projecting upward therefrom about such opening, said chamber being of the same size at its top that it is insideeaid collar; a fuel supply conduit mounted centrally 'Within said collar and adapted to supply fuel laterally to the inside oi said collar along a plurality of radial linee, saidEl conduit having a conical valve seat therein; a plugvalve adapt-ed to normally contact such seat and to control the llow of fuel through said conduit; an automatically operated valve adapted to permit the entrance of auxiliary air to said mixing chamber; connections between said auxiliary air valve and said plug valve cor- Irelating,r movement of the saine; and a `ivotal connection between said nlug valve and said connections, adapting said valve 'to contact perfectly such' seat.

6. .ln a device of the clase described, the

combination of a mixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit mounted vertically therein,

a disk mounted upon saidconduit and having a central chamber connecting with said conduit; and a plurality of radially disposed mear/e1 inclined apertures connecting with such central chamber, the bottom Walle of the latter being formed to malte a tapered seat, a plug' valve adapted to normally rest on such seat, said valve having anl aperture therein adapt ed to register 'with the opening in said con duit and lateral passages opening into such chamber in said disk.

7. In a device of the class described., the combination of a mixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit mounted vertically therein, a. dish mounted upon said conduit yand having a central chamber connecting' with Said conduit and a 'plurality ol radially disposed inclined apertures connecting with such central chamber, the bottom Walls of `Athe latter being formed to make a tapered seat, a plug valve adapted to normally rest on such seat, said' valve having' an aperture therein adapted td register with the opening; .in said conduit and lateral passages opening into such chamber in said disk, said valve beingloosely and slidably mounted in said disk, an auxiliary air supply valve for said mixing chamber, and means correlatingthe opening of said air valve and said plugr valve in said disk.

l. B. FAY,

yet() 

